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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation and spread of Tau intraneuronal inclusions throughout most of the telencephalon, leaving hindbrain regions like the cerebellum and spinal cord larg...
Clinically aggressive lactotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are invasive tumors with an unusually rapid growth rate despite maximally tolerated doses of dopamine agonist (DA). We aimed to unravel...
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease caused by JC polyomavirus (JCV). The histopathology of PML is morphologically diverse and characterized by the classical triad of dem...
Cranial radiotherapy and environmental radiation exposure are associated with increased risk of cognitive dysfunction, including memory deficits and mood disorders, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly ...
The original article was published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2025 13:26
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating manifestation of late-stage cancer which currently suffers from a lack of effective therapeutics. Unfortunately, a significant obstacle preventing the widespread d...
Alzheimer’s disease related pathologies, neurodegenerative pathologies, and vascular neuropathologies are common in older adults at death. Previous studies using the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (N...
In neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases, astrocytes adopt reactive phenotypes that persist throughout disease progression. While astrocyte reactivity may initially serve as a protective respons...
Abusive head trauma (AHT) resulting from violent shaking and whiplash-induced brain injury by a caregiver, is the leading cause of abusive mortality and morbidity in children. Cerebral oedema is common in surv...
Brain metastases (BrM) arising from breast cancer (BC) are an increasing consequence of advanced disease, with up to half of patients with metastatic HER2 + or triple negative BC experiencing central nervous s...
Accumulating evidence highlights that dysfunction of astrocyte biology might contribute to Parkinson’s disease (PD) onset and progression. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a gene linked to genetic and famili...
High-grade glioma with pleomorphic and pseudopapillary features (HPAP) is a recently identified methylation cluster comprised of relatively circumscribed gliomas enriched for variants in TP53, RB1, NF1, NF2, BRAF
Sleep alterations are known to occur in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), before cognitive symptoms become apparent, and are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of AD. However, knowledge on the ex...
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with brain metastasis (BM) in 40% of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. In 15% of these cases, the brain is the sole affected orga...
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar dysfunction, and autonomic failure. Key pathological features of MSA include the formation of glial cytop...
Tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), display sex-specific differences in prevalence and progression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Single...
The original article was published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2025 13:47
Brain metastases (BrM) are the most common cancers in the brain and linked to poor prognosis. Given the high incidence and often limited treatment options, understanding the complexity of the BrM tumor microen...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs in 2–3 million Americans each year and is a leading cause of death and disability. Among the many physiological consequences of TBI, the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) is...
Full recovery from spinal cord injury requires axon regeneration to re-establish motor and sensory pathways. In mammals, the failure of sensory and motor axon regeneration has many causes intrinsic and extrins...
KRAS mutations are prevalent in brain metastases (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The activity of KRAS-G12C selective, brain-penetrant small molecule inhibitor adagrasib was recently demonstrated ...
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1/2 are defining drivers of low-grade gliomagenesis. However, mutant IDH alone is not sufficient for malignant transformation, and additional events are required for ...
Cultured brain slices rapidly replicate murine prions, exhibit prion pathology, and are amenable towards drug discovery, but have not been infected with human prions. As deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are sus...
Gliomas and brain metastases are notorious for their dismal prognosis and low survival rates, a challenge exacerbated by our incomplete grasp of the complex dynamics that govern brain cancers. Recently, a grou...
Prolactinoma is the most prevalent pituitary neuroendocrine tumor and dopamine agonists (DAs) targeting dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) are recommended as the first-line treatment. However, varying degrees of DA r...
VPS13A disease (chorea-acanthocytosis), is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations of the VPS13A gene encoding Vps13A. Increased serum levels of the muscle isoform of crea...
High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently described primary brain tumor and the first requiring a specific methylation pattern for diagnosis, as its histologic features are often compati...
Meningiomas exhibit a complex biology that, despite notable successes in preclinical studies, contributes to the failures of pharmaceutical clinical trials. Animal models using patient tumor cells closely mimi...
The original article was published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2025 13:33
Preterm sepsis is a major contributor to brain injury and long-term neurodevelopmental impairments, but its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study integrated clinical and experimental approa...
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The aggressive behaviour of breast tumor results from their metastasis. Notably, the brain tissue is one of the common regions of metastasis, ther...
Diffuse gliomas with H3F3A gene mutation such as H3.3 K27M and G34R/V are infrequently found in the cerebral hemisphere. These tumors may be called histone H3 K27M-mutant diffuse non-midline gliomas (NDMG) or H3 ...
Glioneural tumors are primary brain tumors that consist of both neural and glial neoplastic cells, often presenting with seizures and primarily affecting children and young adults. Specifically, gangliogliomas...
Melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) are diagnosed in up to 60% of metastatic melanoma patients. Previous studies have identified clinical factors that correlate with overall survival (OS) after MBM diagnosis. How...
This study characterizes the glioblastoma (GB) epitranscriptomic landscape in patient who evolve to progressive disease (PD) or pseudo-progressive disease (psPD). Novel differences in N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) ...
Pyroptosis contributes to the neuronal damage that occurs during epilepsy. Calcium-activated neutral protease (calpain) dissociates cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (caspase-1, cas-1) from the cytoske...
The potential negative impact of lymphatic dysfunction caused by head and neck cancer treatment remains underexplored. Emerging evidence suggests that waste clearance and fluidic balance in the brain are conne...
There are no approved treatments that slow Parkinson’s disease (PD) progression and therefore it is important to identify novel pathogenic mechanisms that can be targeted. Loss of the epigenetic marker, Tet2 appe...
Acute ocular hypertension (AOH), a major cause of progressive irreversible vision loss, showed significant retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration as well as selective RGC vulnerability upon functional tests,...
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) and pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (pDMG) are devastating diseases without durable and curative options. Although targeted immunotherapy has shown promise, the field lack...
The rd2 mouse model, characterized by a mutation in the Prph2 gene, exhibits abnormal development of photoreceptor outer segments, resulting in progressive retinal degeneration. While the correlation between poly...
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and combined ALS/FTD. The repeat is transcribed in the sense...
The original article was published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2025 13:11
Synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are neurodegenerative diseases with shared clinical and pathological features. Aggregates ...
High grade gliomas (HGG) are incurable brain cancers, where inevitable disease recurrence is driven by tumour-initiating glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs survive and expand in the brain after surgery, radiation ...
Studies of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) have given important insights into the pathology of mitochondrial and neurodegenerative disorders. Immunohistochemical methods for staining MRC complexes ar...
Neuroinflammation is widely posited to be a key pathogenic mechanism linking acute organophosphate (OP)-induced status epilepticus (SE) to persistent brain injury and abnormal electrical activity that contribute ...
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and a major source of mortality and morbidity in adults and children. Recent genomic studies have identified multiple molecular subtypes; however metabolic char...
Balamuthia mandrillaris is a rare, free-living amoeba (FLA) that causes granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, a disease with close to 90% mortality. The geographical ranges of many FLA are expanding, potentially in...
Cognitive impairment is a common and challenging side effect of cranial radiation therapy for brain tumors, though its precise mechanisms remain unclear. The mesocortical dopaminergic pathway, known to play a ...
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