Fig. 3

Inflammation responses were observed around the injection site in the striatum 2 months after AAVhSNCA injections. a, b IF images showed higher Iba1 activation (green) levels in the striatum of TgM83. Dotted lines mark the edge of striatum and ROI. Scale bar = 500 μm. c, d Iba1 and GFAP occupied higher area percentage in the selected region in TgM83, compared to WT. e VEGF staining released no difference between WT and TgM83. f Bio-Plex multiplex immunoassays showed that IL-1a, IL-10, IL-12(p40), CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 were increased in the injection side in TgM83 + AAVhSNCA, compared to the non-injection side. g CD4+ cells (arrow). Scale bar = 50 μm. h The increased number of CD4+ cells was found on the injection side following the injection of AAVhSNCA. * < 0.05; ** < 0.01