Fig. 2

Adjusted prevalence of vascular neuropathologies across age groups stratified by APOE ε4 status. A–F display the adjusted prevalence of vascular and cerebrovascular pathologies across age at death. Red lines indicate those without the APOE ε4 allele (APOE ε4 negative) while blue lines represent individuals with APOE ε4 positivity. The adjusted prevalence was derived from modified Poisson regression models adjusted for education level and sex and included the interaction term between APOE ε4 and age at death, with robust standard errors applied to account for heteroscedasticity. The line represents the mean adjusted prevalence, and the surrounding band denote 95% confidence intervals calculated from robust standard errors. A: Prevalence of arteriolosclerosis (none versus mild, moderate, and severe). B: Prevalence of atherosclerosis of the circle of Willis (none versus mild, moderate, and severe). C: Prevalence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) (none versus mild, moderate, and severe). D: Prevalence of the presence of infarcts or lacunes. E: Prevalence of the presence of microinfarcts. F: Prevalence of the presence of hemorrhages/microbleeds. The hash symbol (#APOE x Age at Death) indicates significant interactions between APOE ε4 positivity and age at death. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval; APOE ε4 Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele; Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis of the circle of Willis