Fig. 3
The treatment strategies for breast cancer brain metastasis. Upon the brain metastasis of breast cancer cells, a number of therapeutic methods are applied to impair tumorigenesis that immunotherapy, application of small molecules and immune checkpoint inhibitors, nanoparticles, radiotherapy and antibodies are among them. In order to improve the entrance of the bioactive molecules into the brain tissue, BBB disruption is followed by microbubble-induced ultrasound (Created by Biorender.com)