Table 1 Estimated incidence of leptomeningeal metastasis by primary tumor location
From: Beyond the brain: exploring the impact of animal models of leptomeningeal disease from solid tumors
References | Primary tumor location | 2024 estimated new cancer cases in US [85] | % Cancer patients developing LMD | 2024 estimated LMD incidence in US |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[10] | Digestive system | 353,820 | 0.61 | 2158 |
[64] | Lungs | 234,580 | 2–12 | 4692–28,150 |
[64] | Melanoma | 100,640 | 5–30 | 5032–30,192 |
[4] | Breast | 313,510 | 5–15 | 15,676–47,027 |
[101] | Genitourinary system | 597,160 | 0.03 | 179 |
[66] | Glioma | 8467 | 16 | 1355 |
[24] | Thyroid | 44,020 | 1 | 440 |
[11] | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | 89,190 | 5–15 | 4460–13,379 |
[14] | Myeloma | 35,780 | 1 | 358 |
[11] | Leukemia | 62,770 | 5–15 | 3139–9416 |
| Â | Other | 161,203 | NA | NA |
|  | Total | 2,001,140 | 1.9–6.6 | 37,489–132,654 |