Fig. 1

Measurement of neck circumference changes following CLND. (a) Lateral and ventral views in the cervical region for the control and CLND groups. (b) Neck cross-sectional area for the control and CLND groups. The shape of the neck cross-section is assumed to be an ellipse centered on the vertebra, based on cervical anatomy. The cross-sectional area differs significantly between both groups (t-test, *p < 0.05)