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Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics and summary of liquid biopsy

From: High detection rate of circulating-tumor DNA from cerebrospinal fluid of children with central nervous system germ cell tumors

Clinical information

Liquid biopsy (at diagnosis)

Liquid biopsy (follow-up)

Study ID

Age (y)*

Sex

Diagnosis

Location

Serum β-hCG (IU/L)

CSF β-hCG (IU/L)

CSF (mL)

Collection method

cfDNA/CSF (ng/mL)

CNA

Timing

CSF (mL)

Collection method

cfDNA/CSF (ng/mL)

CNA

GCT001

17

M

Germinoma

BG

12

12

2

LP

0.27

Neg

–

–

–

–

–

GCT002

16

F

Germinoma¶

BG

 < 1

 < 1

0.7

LP

1.41

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT003

12

M

Germinoma¶

Sup

 < 1

7

2

Op

5.97

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

3

LP

1.76

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT004

13

M

NGGCT¶

Bi

16

107

1.5

EVD

112.8

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT005

12

M

Germinoma

BG

24

57

2

LP

0.2

Neg

Pre-RT

2

LP

0.15

Neg

GCT006

12

M

Germinoma¶

Sup

 < 1

 < 1

1.8

LP

0.21

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT007

14

M

NGGCT

BG

14

148

1

LP

47.22

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT008

8

F

NGGCT¶

Sup, Vent

363

124

2.7

Op

0.1

Pos

Pre-RT

2

LP

0.09

Neg

GCT009

17

M

Germinoma¶

Bi, Vent

 < 1

66

1.5

Op

84.8

Pos

Pre-RT

2

LP

0.21

Pos

 

Off Tx

2

LP

0.1

Neg

GCT010

7

M

NGGCT¶

BG, Sup, Vent

24§

35§

2

LP

7.7

Pos

Pre-RT

2

LP

0.06

Neg

GCT011

12

M

Germinoma

Sup

 < 1

4

5

LP

0.32

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT012

10

M

Germinoma¶

Pineal

 < 1

 < 1

5

Op

0.39

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT013

17

F

Germinoma¶

Sup, Vent

 < 1

 < 1

5

LP

0.26

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT014

15

M

Germinoma¶

Vent, Hemi

 < 1

25§§

6

EVD

23.8

Pos

On CTx

4

LP

0.04

Pos

 

Pre-RT

4.5

LP

0.09

Neg

GCT015

15

M

Germinoma

Bi

 < 1

38

4.8

LP

0.81

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT016

14

M

Germinoma¶

Pineal

 < 1

 < 1

2

LP

0.2

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT017

8

M

Germinoma¶

Pineal

 < 1

2

9.4

LP

2.9

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT018

15

M

Germinoma¶

Pineal

 < 1

 < 1

5

Op

21.8

Pos

–

–

–

–

–

GCT019

12

F

NGGCT

Sup

51

481

4.8

Op

18.7

Pos

     

GCT020

13

M

Germinoma

BG

12

30

–

–

–

–

Pre-RT

2.2

LP

0.15

Neg

GCT021

10

F

Germinoma¶

Sup

 < 1

 < 1

–

–

–

–

On CTx

2

LP

0.12

Neg

  1. ¶Pathologically diagnosed. *Age at initial CSF sample was collected. §AFP was positive (serum-AFP 28 ng/mL,CSF-AFP 26 ng/mL). §§CSF AFP was positive (1.67 ng/mL)
  2. NGGCT, non-germinomatous germ cell tumor; BG, basal ganglia; Sup, suprasellar; Bi, bifocal; Vent, ventricular; Hemi, hemisphere; hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin; LP, lumbar puncture; Op, intraoperatively; EVD, external ventricular drain; CNA, copy number alterations; Pos, positive; Neg, negative; Pre-RT, before radiation; Tx, treatment; CTx, chemotherapy; ΩY, years
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Acta Neuropathologica Communications

ISSN: 2051-5960

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