Fig. 5

Detection of microglia by IBA1 immunoreactivity. A IBA1 was upregulated in glaucomatous peripheral retina and ONH compared with non-glaucomatous donors. Arrows indicate IBA1 positive cells in the retina and asterisks increased IBA1 immunoreactivity in the ONH. B Scatter dot plot represents the individual values of IBA1 + cells for non-glaucomatous (retina, n = 12; ONH, n = 16) and glaucomatous donor tissues (retina, n = 18, ONH, n = 14) assessed by histology. Quantitative analysis of IBA1 positivity showed that IBA1 was statistically upregulated in the temporal peripheral retina (90.9%) and optic nerve head of (58.4%) glaucoma samples. Horizontal bars indicate mean ± standard deviation. **p < 0.01, unpaired t-test