Fig. 1

Retinal vascular amyloid imaging. A Pipeline of fluorescent imaging using Retia® SLO, Afina™ cloud storage, and a fully automated image processing and analyses. B Representative retinal fluorescent image of before and after image processing. C Representative retinal image of an AD patient demonstrating putative retinal amyloid deposits (white) along the blood vessels. D Representative histopathological images from a confirmed AD patient, that did not undergo retinal imaging pre-mortem. Postmortem retinal flatmount immunolabeled with anti-c monoclonal antibody (12F4; brown) and peroxidase-base 3,3′ diaminobenzidine (DAB) immunostaining. Typical Aβ plaque structures and Aβ deposition along and inside blood vessels (red arrows) and ‘plaque-free’ regions of retinal blood vessels (blue arrows). E High magnification images of perivascular and vascular Aβ deposits in retinal flatmounts of an AD patient that did not undergo retinal imaging pre-mortem