Fig. 4

Scleral penetration of DiO-labelled EV via subconjunctival injection. A Schematic illustration of the purification of DiO-labelled EVs. B The DiO intensity of all size exclusion chromatography factions. C By confirming the DiO intensity of the concentrated DiO-labelled EV and PBS solutions, we proved that the concentrated DiO-labelled EV solution contained DiO-EV. D The size distribution of DiO-labelled EVs demonstrates they fit in the size range of EVs. E Detection of DiO-labelled EV penetration via sclera after subconjunctival injection in NZW rabbit. Note that the depth of EV penetration increases as time goes by (2 h > 1 h > 0 h). Scale bars = 200 μm. F High magnification images at 2 h after injection. The DiO-labelled EVs were detected in the retinal tissue. Scale bars = 10 μm